Pulmonology is the medical specialty focused on the respiratory system, particularly the lungs and airways. Pulmonologists diagnose and treat various conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia, lung cancer, and sleep disorders like sleep apnea. They utilize diagnostic tools like pulmonary function tests, imaging studies, and bronchoscopy to assess lung health. Treatment may involve medication, pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, or surgical interventions like lung transplantation. Pulmonologists also play a crucial role in smoking cessation programs and public health initiatives aimed at preventing respiratory illnesses. Overall, pulmonology encompasses the comprehensive care of respiratory health, ensuring optimal lung function and well-being.